Psychotherapy Main Concepts Essay

               When we study human fashion, specific each(prenominal)y focusing on the development of personality and crucial to how a person or manyone conducts him/herself, psychology offers a variety of dimensions. The concept of personality is central to our get down to understand ourselves and others and is part of the way in which we account for the differences that contribute to our individuality. Psychologists hold in been particularly concerned with shaping of the personality in relation to herit adequate and environmental influences. We nurture been fortunate that the study of human personality has been expand and fruitful. We can choose from as many personates we can to help us see ourselves better and maintain good relationships (Atkinson et al., 2000).             For the thrust that this paper is taking, I wish to mention then my positions individually, on Behavioral, Cognitive-Beh avioral, Psychoanalytic, and the Existential, Humanistic prospects. The Behavioral  model utilizes what is termed as the learning theory posited by Skinner and Watson and the rest of the behavioristic psychology school. It assumes that the principles in learning i.e., conditioning (Associative and Operant) argon doingive means to effect win over in an individual. Generally, the thrust of this theoretical emplacement is focused on the symptoms that a person is experiencing. Just as many of the errors of the patterns of behavior fare from learning from the environment, it is also assumed that an individual will be able to unlearn some if not all these by using the techniques as applied based on the learning principles.To a certain goal I believe that this still works reinforcements are effective to some extent and in some or many people whence I am incorporating this stance separate or distinct from the Cognitive-Behavioral cost.  In behavior therapy therefore, though ts, feelings and all those malfunctioning and unwanted manifestations revealed in ones activities can be unlearned and the work of a behavior healer. The introductory concepts intromit extinguishing utilized when maladaptive patterns are then washed-out and removed and in their place habits that are healthy are open up (developed and strengthened) in a series or progressive approach called accompanying approximations. When these (factors) are reinforced such as through rewards in inhering and extrinsic means, the potential of a more secure and steady change in behavior is developed and firmly established (Corey, 2004). Cognitive-Behavioral therapy. In the cognitive approach alone, the therapist understands that a client or patient comes into the ameliorate relationship and the formers role is to change or deepen the latters maladjusted or error-filled thinking patterns. These patterns may include wishful thinking, unrealistic expectations, constant reliving and living in t he bygone or even beyond the present and into the future, and overgeneralizing. These habits lead to confusion, frustration and ultimate constant disappointment. This therapeutic approach stresses or accentuates the rational or lucid and positive worldview a viewpoint that takes into considerateness that we are problem-solvers, redeem options in life and not that we are always left with no resource as many people think. It also looks into the fact that because we do have options then there are many things that await someone who have had bad choices in the past, and therefore can look positively into the future.Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy postulated earlier by Ellis and Beck facilitates a collaborative relationship between the patient and therapist. With the opinion that the counselor and patient together cooperate to attain a bank relationship and agree which problems or issues need to come first in the course of the therapy. For the Cognitive Behaviorist Therapist, the im mediate and presenting problem that the client is scathe and complaining from takes precedence and must be addressed and focused in the treatment. There is instantaneous relief from the symptoms, and may be encouraged or spurred on to pursue in-depth treatment and reduction of the ailments where possible (Corey, 2004). Psychoanalytic therapy. The Psychodynamic perspective is based on the work of Sigmund Freud. He created both a theory to apologise personality and mental disorders, and the form of therapy known as psychoanalysis. The psychodynamic approach assumes that all behavior and mental processes reflect constant and often unconscious struggles within the person. These usually involved conflicts between our need to satisfy staple biological instincts, for example, for food, sex or aggression, and the restrictions imposed by lodge.Not all of those who take a psychodynamic approach accept all of Freuds professional ideas, but most would view abnormal or problematic behavior as the result of a failure to resolve conflicts adequately. Many of the disorders or mental illnesses recognized today without a doubt have their psychodynamic invoice aside from other viewpoints like that of the behaviourist, or the cognitivists. From simple childhood developmental diseases to Schizophrenia, there is a rationale that from Freuds camp is able to explain (Kaplan et al, 1994). The Existential approach, as put forward by Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger, Rollo May, and Frankl, believes that the individuals potential may lie dormant but that it is there waiting to be ushered in time. It recognizes that man is able to achieve great high school and that these are just waiting to be tapped not only by him/herself but that also when helped by a practitioner who is persuaded of this notion. It examines such major issues as free will and the challenges of exercising this free will, the issue of mortality, devastation and in general, the meaning of life.The Therapy is effective when the practitioner works with elderly direction and death and dying issues. It focuses on the individual needs but takes into consideration the significant relationships and the meanings they bring into the persons life. Transcending the issues and problems are primary intentions of the therapist at the same time being realistic that certain limitations do exist and may hinder the process of recovery (Corey, 2004).Humanistic therapy. Allport, Bugental, Buhler, Maslow Rollo May, Murphy, Murray, Fritz Perls and Rogers are those that helped usher in the Humanistic theory and consequent therapy. It holds in view the individual as possessing the options or freedom to choose, creativity, and the capability to attain a state where he/she is more aware, freer, responsible and worthy of trust.Because the human oral sex has immense potential, the approach assesses as well that forces from the environment bear on with the individual and depending on the interplay that occurs within the individual person, the result will both be destructive or constructive to the person. In sum, humanism takes into the perspective that essentially humans are good and not evil, and that the therapy facilitates by harnessing on the human potential through the development of interpersonal skills. This results to an enhanced role life and the individual becomes an asset rather than a liability to the society where he revolves in (Corey, 2004).Reference Atkinson, R.L., R.C. Atkinson, E.E Smith, D.J. Bem, and S. Nolen-Hoeksema. Introduction to Psychology. 13th Ed. New York Harcourt College Publishers, 2000.Corey, Gerald, 2004. supposition and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Thomson Learning, USA.Kaplan, HI, BJ Saddock and JA Grebb. 1994. Kaplan and Saddocks Synopsis of Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences clinical psychiatry. Baltimore Williams and Wilkins.